dudowEducação pode mudar sua vida

FAMERP 2017 – Questão 76

Linguagens / Inglês
Leia o texto para responder às questões.
 
The placebo effect: amazing and real
November 2, 2015
Robert H. Shmerling
The placebo effect is a mysterious thing. I’ve long been fascinated by the idea that something as inert and harmless as a sugar pill could relieve a person’s pain or hasten their recovery just by the expectation that it would. Studies use placebos – an inactive  treatment, such as asugar pill – in an attempt to understand the true impact of the active drug. Comparing what happens to a group of patients taking the active drug with the results of those taking a placebo can help researchers understand just how good the active drug is.
​The word “placebo” comes from Latin and means “I shall please.” And “please” it does. In study after study, many patients who  take a placebo show improvement intheir symptoms or condition.
 
  The placebo effect is for real
Recent research on the placebo effect only confirmshow powerful it can be – and  that the benefits of a placebo treatment aren’t just “all in your head.” Measureable physiological changes can be observed in those taking a placebo, similar to those observed among people taking effective medications. In particular, blood pressure, heartrate, and blood test results have been shown to improve among subsets of research subjects who responded to a placebo.
Of course, not everyone has a therapeutic response to a placebo. If that were the case, we wouldn’t need medications at all. Instead , we could simply wield the
power of suggestion. Understanding why certain peopleimprove with  placebo treatment and others do not is the“holy grail” of placebo research.
 
Nocebo: Placebo’s evil twin
The power of suggestion is a double-edged sword. If you expect a treatment to help you, it’s more likely todoso. And if you expect  a treatment will be harmful, you are more likely to experience negative effects. That  phenomenon is called the “nocebo effect” (from the Latin “I shall harm”). For example, if you tell a person that a headache is a common side effect of a particularmedication, that person is more likely to report headacheseven if they are actually taking a placebo. The power of expectation is formidable and probably plays a significantrole in the benefits and the side effects of commonly prescribed medications.
 
(www.health.harvard.edu. Adaptado.)
No trecho do quarto parágrafo “If that were the case, we wouldn’t need medications at all.”, a expressão emdestaque pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por
a) Although.
b) Therefore.
c) Otherwise.
d) Meanwhile.
e) However.

Veja outras questões semelhantes:

UERJ (julho) 2007 – Questão 19
Too often our actions are determined by the moment. (ref.6) The concluding sentence describes a pattern of behavior characterized by lack of: a) civility. b) flexibility. c) variability. d) predictability.
FGV Administração 2010 – Questão 41
According to the information in the article, which of the following is not true of most European countries? a) Normally, they are careful about spending too much money. b) They provide poor people with access to medical care. c) They are not so liberal with money as is the U.S. d) They try to make sure that unemployed people have money. e) Their governments cut their expenses drastically during recessions.
UNIFESP port e inglês 2005 – Questão 36
Most American people a) sleep less than eight hours per night. b) prefer to sleep more than seven hours. c) enjoy the idea of sleeping late. d) recommend an eight hour sleep. e) should stick to medical recommendations.
FAMERP 2016 – Questão 77
No trecho do quarto parágrafo "because they help young adults", o termo em destaque pode ser corretamente substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por: a) still b) though c) due to d) in order to e) since
Base dudow 2000 – Questão 79
The imperative: “Call your mother, she needs you” expresses: a) recommendation b) offer c) order d) advice e) none