FGV Economia 2011 – Questão 86

Linguagens / Inglês / Text Comprehension / Identify the main idea of the text
Global Tax Evasion
by Chris Prentice
Despite what many might argue, paying taxes is one of the cornerstones of a healthy economy. More and more citizens around the world are avoiding taxes by operating businesses off the data grid.
The boom in “shadow economies” leaves governments insufficient revenue to provide adequate public services, whether that means health care, roads, education, or even better tax collection. In fact, a new report estimates that in 2007, in 162 countries, an average of 35.5 percent of official gross domestic product slipped through the cracks — not counting any fruits from such illegal activities as drug dealing or organized crime.
Friedrich Schneider, an economics professor at Austria’s Johannes Kepler University of Linz and a coauthor of the report, “Shadow Economies All Over the World: New Estimates for 162 Countries from 1999 to 2007” emphasizes that the study’s numbers refer only to the amount unpaid by individuals and businesses avoiding taxes or legal labor requirements.
The problem is on the rise   (1)   in developed and developing nations. The worst offender is the former Soviet republic of Georgia, where an estimated 72.5 percent of GDP was untaxed in 2007. The U.S., while not immune to shadow economic problems, is the world’s   (2)   affected country, with a mere 9.0 percent of legally derived GDP escaping the IRS that year.
(http://images.businessweek.com. Adaptado.)
Conforme o texto,
a) a economia informal está sob a mira de uma investigação da polícia internacional.
b) o tráfico de drogas é o negócio mais rentável da economia informal.
c) os indivíduos que sonegam impostos são os que reclamam da má qualidade dos serviços públicos.
d) nem todos concordam que os impostos são um dos fundamentos de uma economia saudável.
e) cerca de 35,5% dos 162 países estudados apresentam um alto índice de evasão de impostos.
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